Double-strand break repair protein MRE11

UniProtKB accession:  P32829

Grouped By:  Matching UniProtKB accession

UniProtKB description:  Core component of the MRN complex, which plays a central role in double-strand break (DSB) repair, DNA recombination, maintenance of telomere integrity and meiosis (PubMed:14522986, PubMed:22002605, PubMed:22705791, PubMed:23080121, PubMed:7625279, PubMed:9651580). The MRN complex is involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) via homologous recombination (HR), an error-free mechanism which primarily occurs during S and G2 phases (PubMed:22002605, PubMed:22705791, PubMed:23080121). The complex (1) mediates the end resection of damaged DNA, which generates proper single-stranded DNA, a key initial steps in HR, and is (2) required for the recruitment of other repair factors and efficient activation of ATM and ATR upon DNA damage (PubMed:22002605, PubMed:23080121). Within the MRN complex, MRE11 possesses both single-strand endonuclease activity and double-strand-specific 3'-5' exonuclease activity (PubMed:14522986, PubMed:22002605). MRE11 first endonucleolytically cleaves the 5' strand at DNA DSB ends to prevent non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and licence HR (PubMed:23080121). It then generates a single-stranded DNA gap via 3' to 5' exonucleolytic degradation, which is required for single-strand invasion and recombination (PubMed:22002605). The MRN complex is also required for the processing of R-loops (PubMed:31537797).